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Introduction: Panchakarma, a cornerstone of Ayurveda, represents a comprehensive detoxification and rejuvenation therapy. Rooted in classical Ayurvedic texts, it emphasizes elimination of vitiated doshas (Vata, Pitta, Kapha) through systematic bio-cleansing, thereby restoring equilibrium in body, mind, and spirit. Methods: An extensive literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, AYUSH Research Portal, and Google Scholar. Classical Ayurvedic compendia (Charaka Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya) were consulted. Studies published in English from 1990–2024, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), observational studies, systematic reviews, and experimental models, were included. Exclusion criteria were non-peer-reviewed sources, anecdotal reports, and duplicate studies. Results: Evidence suggests Panchakarma interventions such as Vamana (therapeutic emesis), Virechana (purgation), Basti (medicated enema), Nasya (nasal therapy), and Raktamokshana (bloodletting) exhibit multidimensional benefits. These include detoxification, metabolic regulation, immunomodulation, stress reduction, and improved quality of life. Contemporary studies report positive outcomes in chronic disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, metabolic syndrome, psoriasis, and neurodegenerative conditions. Experimental findings also support its role in reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and enhancing gut microbiota diversity. Discussion: Panchakarma aligns with modern concepts of biopurification, detoxification, and psychoneuroimmunology. However, standardized protocols, safety profiling, and robust clinical trials remain essential for global acceptance. Conclusion: Panchakarma offers a holistic therapeutic approach bridging traditional wisdom and modern science. Future integrative research may validate its role as a complementary therapy in lifestyle and chronic disorders.

KEYWORDS: Ayurveda, detoxification, holistic medicine, Panchakarma, rejuvenation